Flat feet, or pes planus, is a specific foot shape characterized by a decreased plantar arch, meaning that when standing, the entire sole of the foot touches the ground. According to specialists, this is a common condition, especially in childhood.

Flat feet are divided into two main groups:

Flexible, where the foot can form a medial plantar arch with movement and some tests;

Rigid, where the foot remains flat and does not form a plantar arch, becoming rigid when mobilized by a specialist.

The most common cause of flat feet is a family predisposition or problems with the posterior tibial tendon. However, this condition can also be caused by direct and indirect trauma, collagen alterations, and diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Treatment for flat feet can be done through the use of insoles, orthopedic shoes, physiotherapy sessions, and exercises that help in the formation of the arch of the foot, in addition to physical activity.

Some exercises for muscle strengthening are:

Towel exercise: Sitting down, try to pull a towel towards you using only your toes.
Arch elevation: Standing, raise the arch of your foot while keeping your heels and toes on the ground. Hold the position for a few seconds and repeat.
Walking on tiptoes: Walking on tiptoes strengthens the muscles of the leg and foot.

Margarida Silvestre